CPAP

What is CPAP?

CPAP or Continuous Positive Airway Pressure is a method of applying a positive pressure to the inside of the throat to prevent it from collapsing during sleep. The individual wears a special mask over the nose that is connected to a pump. The pump applies pressure through the mask to keep the throat from collapsing.

What are the Uses for CPAP?

CPAP is used in the treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA). It is the best way of treating patients with severe OSA, and is one of the several options for treating patients with mild to moderate OSA.

How Effective is CPAP?

CPAP is very beneficial in the majority of people who continue using their machines. The pressure can be adjusted to restore normal breathing during sleep.

However, statistics have shown that 1 in 3 patients stop using their CPAP within the first year.  The main reasons that patients give for not using their CPAP are inconvenience and discomfort.  Most of these problems are solvable by finding a mask that fits properly.

Advantages of CPAP

• Can provide immediate relief of OSA.
• Can be used on a trial basis and stopped if not tolerated by the patient.
• Can be used in conjunction with other treatments such as dental appliances.

What to Look for in a CPAP Ventilator

There are many makes and models of CPAP machines. Features to consider are:

• Price - $1,000.00 to $3,000.00+
• Special Features:
  • Separate pressure settings for when the patient breathes in or out
  • Self-adjusting
  • Remote Control
  • Gradual pressure increase
  • Humidifier
  • Stable pressure in the presence of small leaks or when at high altitudes
  • Portability
  • Service and follow-up by vendor

Typical CPAP ventilators from different manufacturers.

The CPAP mask is a critical part of the CPAP treatment. If you cannot get comfortable with the mask or the mask does not fit properly, you will not be able to obtain the full benefits of CPAP.

The standard CPAP mask is made of silicone and forms a seal over the nose. Some patients find the newer gel-filled masks more comfortable and obtain a better seal with them. Other patients feel too claustrophobic with their nose covered and prefer the "Adam Circuit" which has 2 silicone fittings that go directly into the nostrils.

The oils in the face will break the silicone down after 6 - 8 months. The masks must then be replaced. The gel-filled masks tend to be more durable. Newer designs may incorporate features that allow you to replace only the worn out parts. This is more environmentally-friendly.

Are there Maintenance Costs?

The CPAP masks breaks down after 6 - 8 months of use and must be replaced in order for the treatment to be comfortable and effective.  Masks can cost anywhere from $100 to $200 depending on the make and model.

What are Some Problems that Patients Have with Using CPAP?

• Irritation of nose and throat
• Claustrophobia from the mask
• Sinus infections
• Poorly fitted masks
• Leaking from the mouth
• Noise of the machine keeps others awake

Most of these problems can be overcome with proper fitting of the mask, use of a humidifier, use of nasal sprays, and use of antihistamines.

When Is CPAP Not a Good Option?

• When the patient is very claustrophobic
• When the patient has severe emphysema
• When the patient is not capable of operating or maintaining the CPAP machine.

Smart Questions to Ask About Your CPAP Machine

1. How much does this CPAP machine cost?
2. What effect will CPAP have on my lifestyle (i.e. travel plans)?
3. What measures are taken to insure that CPAP is the right treatment for me?
4. What happens if I try the CPAP and decide that I don't want to use it?
5. What kind of follow-up will I have once I am on CPAP?
6. How will CPAP effect my health?
7. Do I have any health problems that will make CPAP hard for me to use?
8. Is there a warranty on my CPAP machine?
9. How do I get it fixed if it breaks down?
10. How much maintenance does the CPAP machine need?
11. What happens if I breath through my mouth when I am on the CPAP?
12. How long will it take me to get adjusted to using the CPAP?
13. Does my CPAP machine have any special features?
14. What should I do if my nose and throat are irritated by the CPAP?

• Further Information on CPAP
• New Developments in CPAP
• The Effects of CPAP and Weight Loss

Lifestyle changes
Body position
Nasal sprays
Nasal valve dilators
Dental appliances
Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP)
Surgery